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Термодинамические свойства некоторых веществ
| Название вещества
(формула) | Стандартная
теплота образования, кДж/моль | Энтропия,
Дж/К·моль | Энергия
Гиббса, кДж/моль | Молярная
теплоемкость, Дж/моль·К |
| Ag (s) | 0 | 0 | 42.55 | 25.351 |
| Ag+ (aq) | +105.58 | +77.11 | 72.68 | 21.8 |
| Al (s) | 0 | 0 | 28.33 | 24.35 |
| Al3+ (aq) | -531 | -485 | -321.7 | |
| Ba (s) | 0 | 0 | 62.8 | 28.07 |
| Ba2+ (aq) | -537.64 | -560.77 | 9.6 | |
| Br2 (l) | 0 | 0 | 152.23 | 75.689 |
| Br2 (g) | +30.907 | +3.110 | 245.46 | |
| Br- (aq) | -121.55 | -103.96 | 82.4 | -141.8 |
| HBr (g) | -36.40 -53.45 | 198.70 | 29.142 | |
| C (s, графит) | 0 | 0 | 5.740 | 8.527 |
| C (s, алмаз) | +1.895 | +2.900 | 2.377 | 6.113 |
| C (g) | +716.68 | +671.26 | 158.10 | 20.838 |
| CO (g) | -110.53 | -137.17 | 197.67 | 29.14 |
| CO2 (g) | -393.51 | -394.36 | 213.74 | 37.11 |
| HCO3- (aq) | -691.99 | -586.77 | 91.2 | |
| CO32- (aq) | -677.14 | -527.81 | -56.9 | |
| Ca (s) | 0 | 0 | 41.42 | 25.31 |
| Ca2+ (aq) | -542.83 | -553.58 | -53.1 | |
| CaO (s) | -635.09 | -604.03 | 39.75 | 42.80 |
| CaCO3 (s, кальцит) | -1206.9 | -1128.8 | 92.9 | 81.88 |
| CaCO3 (s, арагонит) | -1207.1 | -1127.8 | 88.7 | 81.25 |
| Cl2 (g) | 0 | 0 | 223.07 | 33.91 |
| Cl (g) | +121.68 | +105.68 | 165.20 | 21.84 |
| Cl- (aq) | -167.16 | -131.23 | 56.5 | -136.4 |
| HCl (g) | -92.31 | -95.30 | 186.91 | 29.12 |
| Cu (s) | 0 | 0 | 33.150 | 24.44 |
| Cu+ (aq) | +71.67 | +49.98 | 40.6 | |
| Cu2+ (aq) | +64.77 | +65.49 | -99.6 | |
| F2 (g) | 0 | 0 | 202.78 | 31.30 |
| F (g) | +78.99 | +61.91 | 158.75 | 22.74 |
| F- (aq) | -332.63 | -278.79 | -13.8 | |
| HF (g) | -271.1 | -273.2 | 173.78 | 29.13 |
| Fe (s) | 0 | 0 | 27.28 | 25.10 |
| Fe2+ (aq) | -89.1 | -78.90 | -137.7 | |
| Fe3+ (aq) | -48.5 | -4.7 | -315.9 | |
| Fe3О4 (s, магнетит) | -1118.4 | -1015.4 | 146.4 | 143.43 |
| Fe2О3 (s, гематит) | -824.2 | -742.2 | 87.40 | 103.85 |
| H2 (g) | 0 | 0 | 130.684 | 28.824 |
| H (g) | +217.97 | +203.25 | 114.71 | 20.784 |
| H+ (aq) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| H2O (l) | -285.83 | -237.13 | 69.91 | 75.291 |
| H2O (g) | -241.82 | -228.57 | 188.83 | 33.58 |
| Hg (l) | 0 | 0 | 76.02 | 27.983 |
| Hg2+ (aq) | +171.1 | +164.40 | -32.2 | |
| Hg22+ (aq) | +172.4 | +153.52 | 84.5 | |
| I2 (s) | 0 | 0 | 116.135 | 54.44 |
| I2 (g) | +62.44 | +19.33 | 260.69 | 36.90 |
| I (g) | +106.84 | +70.25 | 180.79 | 20.786 |
| I- (aq) | -55.19 | -51.57 | 111.3 | -142.3 |
| HI (g) | +26.48 | +1.70 | 206.59 | 29.158 |
| K (s) | 0 | 0 | 64.18 | 29.58 |
| K+ (aq) | -252.38 | -283.27 | 102.5 | 21.8 |
| KOH (s) | -424.76 | -379.08 | 78.9 | 64.9 |
| Mg (s) | 0 | 0 | 32.68 | 24.89 |
| Mg2+ (aq) | -466.85 | -454.8 | -138.1 | |
| MgO (s) | -601.70 | -569.43 | 26.94 | 37.15 |
| MgCO3 (s) | -1095.8 | -1012.1 | 65.7 | 75.52 |
| N2 (g) | 0 | 0 | 191.61 | 29.125 |
| N (g) | +472.70 | +455.56 | 153.30 | 20.786 |
| NO (g) | +90.25 | +86.55 | 210.76 | 29.844 |
| NO2 (g) | +33.18 | +51.31 | 240.06 | 37.20 |
| N2O5 (s) | -43.1 | +113.9 | 178.2 | 143.1 |
| HNO3 (l) | -174.10 | -80.71 | 155.60 | 109.87 |
| NO3- (aq) | -205.0 | -108.74 | 146.4 | -86.6 |
| NH3 (g) | -46.11 | -16.45 | 192.45 | 35.06 |
| NH4+ (aq) | -132.51 | -79.31 | 113.4 | 79.9 |
| Na (s) | 0 | 0 | 51.21 | 28.24 |
| Na+ (aq) | -240.12 | -261.91 | 59.0 | 46.4 |
| NaOH (s) | -425.61 | -379.49 | 64.46 | 59.54 |
| O2 (g) | 0 | 0 | 205.138 | 29.355 |
| O3 (g) | +142.7 | +163.2 | 238.93 | 39.20 |
| O (g) | +249.17 | +231.73 | 161.06 | 21.912 |
| OH- (aq) | -229.99 | -157.24 | -10.75 | -148.5 |
| P (s, белый) | 0 | 0 | 41.09 | 23.840 |
| PH3 (g) | +5.4 | +13.4 | 210.23 | 37.11 |
| H3PO4 (s) | -1279.0 | -1119.1 | 110.50 | 106.06 |
| PO43- (aq) | -1277.4 | -1018.7 | -222 | |
| P4O10 (s) | -2984.0 | -2697.0 | 228.86 | 211.71 |
| S (s, ромбич.) | 0 | 0 | 31.80 | 22.64 |
| S (s, моноклин.) | +0.33 | +0.1 | 32.6 | 23.6 |
| S2- (aq) | +33.1 | +85.8 | -14.6 | |
| SO2 (g) | -296.83 | -300.19 | 248.22 | 39.87 |
| SO3 (g) | -395.72 | -371.06 | 256.76 | 50.67 |
| H2SO4 (l) | -813.99 | -690.00 | 156.90 | 138.9 |
| SO42- (aq) | -909.27 | -744.53 | 20.1 | -293 |
| HSO4- (aq) | -887.34 | -755.91 | 131.8 | -84 |
| H2S (g) | -20.63 | -33.56 | 205.79 | 34.23 |
| HS- (aq) | -17.6 | +12.08 | 62.08 | |
| Zn (s) | 0 | 0 | 41.63 | 25.40 |
| Zn2+ (aq) | -153.89 | -147.06 | -112.1 | 46 |
| ZnO (s) | -348.28 | -318.30 | 43.64 | 40.25 |